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The Gadianton robbers (〔(LDS.org: "Book of Mormon Pronunciation Guide" ) (retrieved 2012-02-25), IPA-ified from «găd-ē-ăn´tun»〕), according to the Book of Mormon, were a secret criminal organization in ancient America. ==Origins and rise to power== The society was founded around 52 BC or 51 BC by Nephite supporters of Paanchi, an unsuccessful candidate for the position of chief judge. Paanchi had been executed for treason when he refused to accept the election of his brother Pahoran II to the judgment seat and tried to incite a revolution, and one of his supporters, Kishkumen (〔(LDS.org: "Book of Mormon Pronunciation Guide" ) (retrieved 2012-02-25), IPA-ified from «kĭsh-kū´mun»〕), assassinated Pahoran in retaliation. Kishkumen and his associates entered into a pact to keep the assassin's identity a secret.〔(Helaman 1:11 )〕 A man named Gadianton became the leader of Kishkumen's secret group. He arranged for Kishkumen to assassinate Chief Judge Helaman II, promising that if he, Gadianton, were made chief judge he would appoint the other members of the band to positions of authority. Kishkumen was apprehended and killed by one of Helaman's servants, and Gadianton and his followers, fearing the same fate, fled into the wilderness. Within 25 years, Gadianton's band had grown into a large criminal organization known as Gadianton's robbers and murderers,〔(Helaman 6:18 )〕 with both Nephites and Lamanites among its members. In 26 BC the Gadianton robbers assassinated Chief Judge Cezoram and his son. The Lamanites made every effort to eradicate the Gadianton robbers among them. The Nephites, in contrast, began to join the band in larger and larger numbers, until the majority of them were members. Members swore to protect one another and identified each other by means of secret signs and secret words. By 24 BC the entire Nephite government was under the control of the Gadiantons. Around 20 BC, Chief Judge Seezoram was murdered by his brother Seantum, both of whom were members of the Gadianton band. The murder was announced and the culprit identified by Nephi the son of Helaman. Nephi's knowledge of the event was believed by many to be evidence of his prophetic powers.〔(Helaman 9 )〕 When a famine struck the area a few years later, the people believed God was behind it, and they reacted by repenting and cracking down on the Gadiantons. The society was completely eradicated, and their secret plans were buried in the earth. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gadianton robbers」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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